全文获取类型
收费全文 | 16243篇 |
免费 | 2220篇 |
国内免费 | 2026篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 12977篇 |
晶体学 | 129篇 |
力学 | 1324篇 |
综合类 | 90篇 |
数学 | 608篇 |
物理学 | 5361篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 12篇 |
2023年 | 157篇 |
2022年 | 253篇 |
2021年 | 452篇 |
2020年 | 595篇 |
2019年 | 483篇 |
2018年 | 402篇 |
2017年 | 470篇 |
2016年 | 630篇 |
2015年 | 689篇 |
2014年 | 860篇 |
2013年 | 1289篇 |
2012年 | 994篇 |
2011年 | 1294篇 |
2010年 | 1009篇 |
2009年 | 1087篇 |
2008年 | 1177篇 |
2007年 | 1152篇 |
2006年 | 1112篇 |
2005年 | 923篇 |
2004年 | 841篇 |
2003年 | 667篇 |
2002年 | 676篇 |
2001年 | 442篇 |
2000年 | 368篇 |
1999年 | 306篇 |
1998年 | 261篇 |
1997年 | 264篇 |
1996年 | 232篇 |
1995年 | 234篇 |
1994年 | 186篇 |
1993年 | 161篇 |
1992年 | 149篇 |
1991年 | 118篇 |
1990年 | 98篇 |
1989年 | 70篇 |
1988年 | 73篇 |
1987年 | 42篇 |
1986年 | 40篇 |
1985年 | 36篇 |
1984年 | 39篇 |
1983年 | 13篇 |
1982年 | 35篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 20篇 |
1979年 | 15篇 |
1978年 | 9篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 13篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
61.
62.
针对大气垂直方向上消光系数分布不均匀难以用传统方法直接测量垂直能见度的问题,提出了一种基于激光雷达探测垂直能见度的计算方法。根据大气辐射传输基本原理,借助于辐射传输方程,推导出了垂直能见度的计算公式;然后利用激光雷达原理方程和Klett算法反演出大气垂直方向上的消光系数分布,基于此提出了垂直能见度的迭代算法。最后,利用灰色模型GM(1,1)和批统计算法,对激光雷达反演得到的后向散射系数进行了评估,给出了误差置信区间为(0.760±0.339)×10^-4(srad·km)^-1。结果表明,该方法是一种特别有效的计算垂直能见度的方法,符合探测的基本需求,且误差小精度高。 相似文献
63.
64.
《Physics letters. A》2020,384(6):126144
The propagation of focused wave groups in intermediate water depth and the shoaling zone is experimentally and numerically considered in this paper. The experiments are carried out in a two-dimensional wave flume and wave trains derived from Pierson-Moskowitz and JONSWAP spectrum are generated. The peak frequency does not change during the wave train propagation for Pierson-Moskowitz waves; however, a downshift of this peak is observed for JONSWAP waves. An energy partitioning is performed in order to track the spatial evolution of energy. Four energy regions are defined for each spectrum type. A nonlinear energy transfer between different spectral regions as the wave train propagates is demonstrated and quantified. Numerical simulations are conducted using a modified Boussinesq model for long waves in shallow waters of varying depth. Experimental results are in satisfactory agreement with numerical predictions, especially in the case of wave trains derived from JONSWAP spectrum. 相似文献
65.
On the influence of structural features of DNA on the possibility of metabolic transfer of electrons
A. D. Suprun 《Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals》2020,701(1):28-39
AbstractA fragment of a DNA molecule is considered as one of the channels of metabolic electron transfer. The heterogeneity of the complementary chains is effectively taken into account. This made it possible to find the speed of the electron injected into the DNA conduction band and the current density that it creates. Estimates of electron mobility in nucleic acid chains are made. They were an order of magnitude smaller than that of typical semiconductors. For the specific conductivity of nucleic acid chains, estimates provide a conductivity of one to two orders of magnitude lower than in graphite. 相似文献
66.
67.
Dr. Aleksandra Markovic Luca Gerhards Dr. Pia Sander Dr. Carsten Dosche Prof. Dr. Thorsten Klüner Prof. Dr. Rüdiger Beckhaus Prof. Gunther Wittstock 《Chemphyschem》2020,21(22):2506-2514
Multinuclear transition metal complexes bridged by ligands with extended π-electronic systems show a variety of complex electronic transitions and electron transfer reactions. While a systematic understanding of the photochemistry and electrochemistry has been attained for binuclear complexes, much less is known about trinuclear complexes such as hexaphenyl-5,6,11,12,17,18-hexaazatrinaphthylene-tristitanocene [(Cp2Ti)3HATN(Ph)6]. The voltammogram of [(Cp2Ti)3HATN(Ph)6] shows six oxidation and three reduction waves. Solution spectra of [(Cp2Ti)3HATN(Ph)6] and of the electrochemically formed oxidation products show electronic transitions in the UV, visible and the NIR ranges. Density functional theory (DFT) and linear response time-dependent DFT show that the three formally titanium(II) centers transfer an electron to the HATN ligand in the ground state. The optically excited transitions occur exclusively between ligand-centered orbitals. The charged titanium centers only provide an electrostatic frame to the extended π-electronic system. Complete active self-consistent field (CASSCF) calculation on a structurally simplified model compound, which considers the multi-reference character imposed by the three titanium centers, can provide an interpretation of the experimentally observed temperature-dependent magnetic behavior of the different redox states of the title compound in full consistency with the interpretation of the electronic spectra. 相似文献
68.
在无扰动、随机式扰动以及正弦式扰动下,通过对竖直恒温面处状态Ra为1.328×10^9、Pr为6.24的自然对流进行模拟,探索了热边界层的不稳定性和共振强化自然对流换热。结果表明:(1)竖直自然对流边界层上游位置的随机式扰动对热边界层的影响主要体现在稳定阶段;(2)该状态下的竖直自然对流边界层的特征频率为15 067,且相比于无扰动状态,频率为15 067的正弦式扰动能在竖直恒温面处提高5.15%的换热量;(3)在竖直自然对流边界层上游位置加入特征频率的正弦式扰动,竖直恒温面处的局部努塞尔数Nu均出现明显波动,且波动随着边界层高度的增加而增大。 相似文献
69.
In this paper, we are interested in evaluating the resilience of financial portfolios under extreme economic conditions. Therefore, we use empirical measures to characterize the transmission process of macroeconomic shocks to risk parameters. We propose the use of an extensive family of models, called General Transfer Function Models, which condense well the characteristics of the transmission described by the impact measures. The procedure for estimating the parameters of these models is described employing the Bayesian approach and using the prior information provided by the impact measures. In addition, we illustrate the use of the estimated models from the credit risk data of a portfolio. 相似文献
70.
《Wave Motion》2020
Acoustic radiation force (ARF) is studied by considering an infinite elastic cylinder near an impedance boundary when the cylinder is illuminated by a Gaussian beam. The surrounding fluid is an ideal fluid. Using the method of images and the translation-addition theorem for the cylindrical Bessel function, the resulting sound field including the incident wave, its reflection from the boundary, the scattered wave from the elastic cylinder, and its image are expressed in terms of the cylindrical wave function. Then, we deduce the exact equations of the axial and transverse ARFs. The solutions depend on the cylinder position, cylinder material, beam waist, reflection coefficient, distance from the impedance boundary, and absorption in the cylinder. To analyze the effects of the various factors intuitively, we simulate the radiation force for non-absorbing elastic cylinders made of stainless steel, gold, and beryllium as well as for an absorbing elastic cylinder made of polyethylene, which is a well-known biomedical polymer. The results show that the impedance boundary, cylinder material, absorption in the cylinder, and cylinder position in the Gaussian beam significantly affect the magnitude and direction of the force. Both stable and unstable equilibrium regions are found. Moreover, a larger beam waist broadens the beam domain, corresponding to non-zero axial and transverse ARFs. More importantly, negative ARFs are produced depending on the choice of the various factors. These results are particularly important for designing acoustic manipulation devices operating with Gaussian beams. 相似文献